| Judge | County | Cases | Granted | Denied | Continued | Grant rate |
|---|
| Case | County | Motion | Ruling | Hearing |
|---|
FRESNO · 103 rulings ingested
| Case | County | Motion | Ruling | Indexed | Hearing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24CECG02025 Rodriguez v. Foster Poultry Farms, LLC | fresno Probate | Motion for Relief from Waiver of Objections | CONTINUED | Jul 8, 2026 | Jul 8, 2026 |
25CECG01545 Gracie’s Cabin LLC v. Figueroa et al. | fresno Probate | By Cross-Complainant Alex Ray Figueroa to Set Aside Dismissal | DENIED | Jul 8, 2026 | Jul 8, 2026 |
25CECG05696 In the Matter of Jazleen Martinez | fresno Probate | Expedited Petition to Compromise Claim of Minor | DENIED | Jul 8, 2026 | Jul 8, 2026 |
25CECG03286 Hakim v. ASM Global, LLC, et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to Compel Initial Responses to Form Interrogatories, Special Interrogatories, Requests for Production of Documents, and to Deem Requests for Admission Admitted; Request for Sanctions | DENIED | Jul 7, 2026 | Jul 7, 2026 |
26CU01306 In re Thiago Quintero | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | DENIED | Jul 7, 2026 | Jul 7, 2026 |
24CECG05036 Bennett v. City of Fresno | fresno Probate | Motion for Summary Judgment | OFF CALENDAR | Jul 7, 2026 | Jul 7, 2026 |
25CECG03075 Springer v. American Honda Motor Co., Inc. | fresno Probate | Motion for Attorney Fees and Costs | GRANTED | Jul 7, 2026 | Jul 7, 2026 |
23CECG00856 Ron Miller Enterprises Inc. v. Alex Delamora | fresno Probate | Plaintiff’s Petition to Exceed Fee Schedule | CONTINUED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
24CECG01500 Pilibos Sisters, Inc. v. Mavericks Ranch, LLC | fresno Probate | Defendant Nutrien Ag Solutions, Inc.’s Motion for Good Faith Settlement | GRANTED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
24CECG01797 Jacques v. Maxco Supply, Inc. | fresno Probate | Plaintiffs’ Motion for Approval of PAGA Settlement and Reasonable Attorney’s Fees and Costs | DENIED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
22JCCP05241 Imidacloprid Cases | fresno Probate | By Brian Watte for Attorney’s Fees Against Nutrien Ag Solutions, Inc. | CONTINUED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
25CECG01086 Cabral v. Spacetel LLC | fresno Probate | By Motorola Mobility, LLC, to Compel Production of Plaintiff’s Cellular Phone for Inspection | DENIED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
25CECG03286 Hakim v. ASM Global, LLC, et al. | fresno Probate | by Plaintiff for an Order Compelling Defendant ASM Global, LLC’s Responses; by Plaintiff for an Order Compelling Defendant ASM Global Fresno, LLC’s Responses | DENIED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
25CECG03565 Raygoza v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc. | fresno Probate | Plaintiff’s Motions to Compel Further Responses to Special Interrogatories and Requests for Admissions, Set One, and for Sanctions | DENIED (motion to compel), GRANTED (sanctions) | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 2, 2026 |
23CECG03559 McGrew v. Clovis Unified School District | fresno Probate | Defendant Tony Duong’s Motion to Strike First Amended Complaint and Doe Amendment to Complaint | DENIED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
25CECG03846 Alexandra Seifert vs. Paul Michaelides | fresno Probate | Plaintiff Alexandra Seifert’s Motion to Compel Further Discovery and Sanctions | CONTINUED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
25CECG04660 California Fair Plan Association v. Shaver Lake Propane | fresno Probate | Application for Admission of David Dahlmeier to Appear as Counsel for Defendant Shaver Lake Pro Hac Vice | GRANTED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
24CECG04266 Kenneth Paul Atrat v. Rayna Savala | fresno Probate | By defendant, Rayna Savala, to Vacate Dismissal | DENIED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
24CECG04945 Sanchez v. Maddox Farms, LLC | fresno Probate | Plaintiff’s Motion for Approval of PAGA Settlement | DENIED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
25CECG02366 Garcia v. Ford Motor Company | fresno Probate | By Defendant FF US Acquisition Corp. for an Order Deeming Admissions Admitted and for Monetary Sanctions | MOOT/GRANTED (Sanctions only) | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
26CU00572 In re: Jameson O’Brien | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | GRANTED | Jul 3, 2026 | Jul 1, 2026 |
25CECG05376 Espino v. Forty Niners Stadium Management Company, LLC | fresno Probate | by Defendant to Transfer Venue | GRANTED | Jul 8, 2026 | Jun 30, 2026 |
24CECG04136 Sanchez v. General Motors LLC | fresno Probate | By Plaintiff to Tax Costs | GRANTED in part | Jul 8, 2026 | Jun 30, 2026 |
24CECG05085 EBF Holdings, LLC v. Sulakhan Singh | fresno Probate | By EBF Holdings, LLC dba Everest Business Funding for Summary Judgment or, in the Alternative, Summary Adjudication | DENIED | Jul 8, 2026 | Jun 30, 2026 |
26CU1050 Jamison v. Darrel’s Mini Storage | fresno Probate | Plaintiffs’ Application for a Temporary Restraining Order | DENIED | Jul 8, 2026 | Jun 30, 2026 |
25CECG05636 Samourian-Kamciyan v. Fresno County Public Guardian | fresno Probate | Defendant County of Fresno’s Demurrer and Motion to Strike Portions of Complaint | Off calendar as moot | Jul 7, 2026 | Jun 25, 2026 |
23CECG00659 Cota v. Clarkston et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to Set Aside | Off Calendar | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 24, 2026 |
24CECG01225 Vasquez v. Ibarra | fresno Probate | By Defendant Sensient Natural Ingredients LLC to Transfer the Action to Merced Superior Court | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 24, 2026 |
24CECG01795 Irma Lucero Eastwood v. Woodworth Investments LLC | fresno Probate | Plaintiff Irma Lucero Eastwood’s Motion for Protective Order against Defense Counsel’s Deposition Conduct and to Compel Expert Depositions | DENIED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 24, 2026 |
25CECG04590 Cisneros v. Ortiz | fresno Probate | Expedited Petition to Compromise Claim of Minor | DENIED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 24, 2026 |
25CECG00426 City of Fresno v. Erik Honarchian | fresno Probate | By Plaintiff for Order for Prejudgment Possession | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 24, 2026 |
23CECG01755 Brooke Rafferty v. Fred Faieta, Jr. | fresno Probate | Motion to Strike Plaintiffs' Second Amended Complaint; Motion to Dismiss | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 23, 2026 |
20CECG00012 Seaberg v. Specific Properties, LLC, et al. | fresno Probate | Charging Order | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 23, 2026 |
25CECG05615 NNN Capital Fund I, LLC v. Bmark 2018-B7 East Street, LLC | fresno Probate | Demurrer to First Amended Complaint; Motion to Strike | Demurrer sustained without leave to amend; Motion to strike off calendar | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 23, 2026 |
25CECG00868 Stewart v. General Motors, LLC | fresno Probate | Motion for Summary Judgment | GRANTED as a motion for judgment on the pleadings; Plaintiff granted 10 days leave to amend. | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 18, 2026 |
25CECG04076 Quintero v. Mitchell | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 17, 2026 |
22CECG04019 Tran v. Ricci | fresno Probate | By Defendant for Summary Judgment, or Alternatively Summary Adjudication | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 17, 2026 |
25CECG04555 Davis Hernandez v. Sai Hospitality, LLC | fresno Probate | Demurrer to Complaint; Motion to Strike Portions of Plaintiffs’ Complaint | Sustain demurrer to 2nd, 3rd, 4th causes of action with leave to amend; Overrule demurrer to 5th; Deny motion to strike without prejudice. | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 17, 2026 |
24CECG00946 DeLeon v. Fresno Community Hospital and Medical Center, et al. | fresno Probate | by Defendant Raul Calderon, M.D. for Summary Judgment | GRANTED | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 17, 2026 |
25CECG04155 Campus Pointe Commercial, L.P. v. 5IVE 5IVE N9NE, LLC | fresno Probate | Defendants’ Motion to Set Aside Default | GRANTED | Jun 22, 2026 | Jun 16, 2026 |
22CECG00066 Briscoe v. Veer Hospitality, et al. | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Claim of Disabled Adult | DENIED | Jun 22, 2026 | Jun 16, 2026 |
25CECG05316 Cedar v. Hunt, et al. | fresno Probate | Demurrer and Motion to Strike | To overrule demurrer. To grant the motion to strike punitive damages against defendant Brian Daniel Rosas in connection with the second and third causes of action, with leave to amend. To deny the motion to strike damages sought in connection with the fourth cause of action. | Jun 22, 2026 | Jun 11, 2026 |
25CECG00856 Kimie Brown, as heir, next of kin, and successor of interest for decedent Pearline Brown v. David Koomjan | fresno Probate | By Defendant David Mitchell Koomjan to Set Aside Default | GRANTED | Jun 22, 2026 | Jun 10, 2026 |
24CECG05246 Yang v. Fresno Unified School District | fresno Probate | Motion for summary judgment | Taken off calendar | Jun 22, 2026 | Jun 10, 2026 |
25CECG05835 Garcia-Brower v. Auto Shine Group | fresno Probate | Petition to Compel Witness to Respond to Subpoena and Order to Show Cause | DENIED | Jun 22, 2026 | Jun 10, 2026 |
25CECG04869 Martinez v. Denison | fresno Probate | Demurrer to Complaint | To sustain, with plaintiffs granted 10 days’ leave to file a first amended complaint. | Jun 16, 2026 | Jun 9, 2026 |
22JCCP05241 Imidacloprid Cases | fresno Probate | By M.C. Watte Ranches for Attorney’s Fees and Costs of Proof Pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 2033.420 | To take the motion off calendar. | Jun 16, 2026 | Jun 9, 2026 |
24CECG05453 Bedrosian v. Saint Agnes Medical Center | fresno Probate | by Plaintiffs for Preference | To deny. | Jun 16, 2026 | Jun 9, 2026 |
24CECG03956 David Valencia Arevalo v. General Motors LLC | fresno Probate | Plaintiff, David Valencia Arevalo’s Motion for Payment of Attorney Fees and Reimbursement of Costs and Expenses | GRANTED | Jun 16, 2026 | Jun 4, 2026 |
26CU00867 Dhaliwal v. Thao | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | GRANTED | Jun 16, 2026 | Jun 4, 2026 |
24CECG03246 Meza v. City of Sanger et al. | fresno Probate | By Defendants to Compel Plaintiff’s Response to City of Sanger’s Request for Production of Documents to Plaintiff, Set One, and Request for Sanctions; By Defendants to Compel Plaintiff’s Response to City of Sanger’s Special Interrogatories to Plaintiff, Set One, and Request for Sanctions; By Defendants to Compel Plaintiff’s Response to City of Sanger’s Form Interrogatories to Plaintiff, Set One, and Request for Sanctions | GRANTED | Jun 16, 2026 | Jun 4, 2026 |
25CECG02965 Barajas v. Acosta et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Stay | OFF CALENDAR | Jun 15, 2026 | Jun 3, 2026 |
22CECG03657 Torres v. Golden Doaba Enterprises, LLC et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Class Certification | GRANTED | Jun 15, 2026 | Jun 3, 2026 |
24CECG01556 Derrel’s Mini Storage, Inc. v. Delgado et al. | fresno Probate | Application for Default Judgment | OFF CALENDAR | Jun 15, 2026 | Jun 3, 2026 |
24CECG03116 Clark v. Underwood et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to Withdraw | DENIED WITHOUT PREJUDICE | Jun 15, 2026 | Jun 3, 2026 |
21CECG02886 McDaniel v. Athenix Phsyicians Group, Inc. et al. | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | GRANTED | Jun 10, 2026 | Jun 2, 2026 |
26CU00569 In the Matter of Agustin Aguirre Figueroa Jr. | fresno Probate | Expedited Petition to Compromise Claim of Minor | DENIED | Jun 10, 2026 | Jun 2, 2026 |
24CECG03458 Aiden Kelly-Johnson v. City of Fresno | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | GRANTED | Jun 10, 2026 | Jun 2, 2026 |
26CU00752 In the Matter of Gomez | fresno Probate | Expedited Petition to Compromise Claim of Minor | DENIED | Jun 10, 2026 | Jun 2, 2026 |
25CECG04350 Borton Petrini, LLP v. Arshad | fresno Probate | Motion to Set Aside Default Judgment | DENIED | Jun 9, 2026 | May 28, 2026 |
25CECG02335 Alyssa Herrera v. ASFC LLC | fresno Probate | Motion to Compel Arbitration | CONTINUED | Jun 9, 2026 | May 28, 2026 |
26CECG00915 City of Fresno v. Biggie Burrito Taqueria et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to Quash Service of Summons and Complaint | GRANTED | Jun 9, 2026 | May 28, 2026 |
25CECG05899 Fresno Truck Center, Inc. v. No Name Given Vijay et al. | fresno Probate | Application for Writ of Possession | GRANTED | Jun 10, 2026 | May 27, 2026 |
25CECG03977 Vang v. Lychongsu | fresno Probate | Motion for Interlocutory Judgment | GRANTED | Jun 10, 2026 | May 27, 2026 |
25CECG05145 Mann vs. Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC, et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to compel arbitration | DENIED | Jun 8, 2026 | May 27, 2026 |
25CECG04660 California Fair Plan Association v. Shaver Lake Propane | fresno Probate | Application for Admission of David Dahlmeier to Appear as Counsel for Defendant Shaver Lake Pro Hac Vice | CONTINUED | Jun 8, 2026 | May 27, 2026 |
24CECG02869 Jane Doe No. 1 v. Hirahara, et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Terminating Sanctions, or in the Alternative, Issue and Evidentiary Sanctions | DENIED | May 26, 2026 | May 21, 2026 |
21JCCP05166 In re Foster Farms Wage and Hour Cases | fresno Probate | Plaintiffs’ Motion for Final Approval of Class Settlement | GRANTED | May 26, 2026 | May 21, 2026 |
25CECG03846 Alexandra Seifert v. Paul Michaelides | fresno Probate | Demurrer and Motion to Strike Plaintiff Alexandra Seifert’s Complaint | Sustained in part, Denied in part | May 26, 2026 | May 21, 2026 |
22CECG02006 Lawrence III v. A&S Pizza, Inc. et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to Dismiss Class Claims | To take off calendar, as no moving papers have been filed. | May 26, 2026 | May 21, 2026 |
24CECG05453 Bedrosian v. Saint Agnes Medical Center | fresno Probate | By Plaintiffs to Compel Production of Documents From Defendant Saint Agnes Medical Center | CONTINUED | May 19, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
25CECG04360 Ozburn v. City of Firebaugh | fresno Probate | Defendants’ Demurrer to First Amended Complaint | Overrule demurrer to 1st cause of action; sustain as to 2nd-14th; deny leave to amend 2-6 and 8-14; grant leave to amend 7th. | May 19, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
25CECG05699 Angela Hughey vs. Promesa Apartments | fresno Probate | Demurrer | Sustain with leave to amend. | May 19, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
25CECG04045 Joy C&C LLC v. Yang | fresno Probate | Plaintiff/Cross-Defendants’ Demurrer to Cross-Complaint and Motion to Strike Portions of Cross-Complaint | Sustain demurrer; grant leave to amend 1st-12th causes of action; deny leave for 13th-14th; deny motion to strike as moot. | May 19, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
25CECG02748 Patterson v. Soler et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Good Faith Settlement Determination | Take off calendar | May 19, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
24CECG02586 Hernandez v. Vizzolini et al. | fresno Probate | By Defendant Victor Alvarez to Set Aside Default | DENIED | May 19, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
23CECG04600 Kharoufeh v. California Department of Corrections & Rehabilitation | fresno Probate | Motion to Compel Deposition of Plaintiff | The motion to compel deposition is moot. Sanctions in the amount of $7,226.95 are granted. | May 18, 2026 | May 19, 2026 |
23CECG03206 Doe v. Fresno Unified School District, et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Summary Judgment, or alternatively, for Summary Adjudication | DENIED | May 18, 2026 | May 19, 2026 |
25CECG01250 Rodriguez Jimenez v. Marquez et al. | fresno Probate | Demurrer | Off calendar | May 18, 2026 | May 19, 2026 |
25CECG02316 Lopez v. Manulife Investment Management Farmland Management Services, Inc. | fresno Probate | Motion to Compel Arbitration, Dismiss Class Claims, and Stay the Proceedings | DENIED | May 18, 2026 | May 19, 2026 |
23CECG00336 Swan v. Stoll et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Leave to Amend x2 | Off calendar | May 18, 2026 | May 19, 2026 |
21CECG02536 In re: Carlos Rodriguez | fresno Probate | Motion by Mercury Insurance Company to File an Interpleader of Funds and Discharge of Liability | CONTINUED | May 18, 2026 | May 19, 2026 |
24CECG00069 Dawood v. California Department of Transportation | fresno Probate | Defendants’ Motion to Compel Deposition of Plaintiff and Request for Monetary Sanctions; Defendants’ Motion to Compel Plaintiff to Produce Documents, and for Money and Issue Sanctions | GRANTED (Deposition); DENIED (Production of documents and further sanctions) | May 18, 2026 | May 14, 2026 |
24CECG03236 Garcia v. Fresno Plumbing & Heating, Inc. | fresno Probate | Plaintiff’s Motion for Relief from Late Filing of Class Certification Motion; Defendant’s Motion to Strike Class Claims | GRANTED (Plaintiff's motion); DENIED (Defendant's motion) | May 18, 2026 | May 14, 2026 |
24CECG03545 Zuniga v. Community Medical Centers | fresno Probate | By Defendant for Summary Judgment or, in the Alternative, Summary Adjudication | GRANTED in part, DENIED in part | May 18, 2026 | May 14, 2026 |
25CECG00550 Byrd v. City of Clovis et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for Summary Judgment | CONTINUED | May 18, 2026 | May 13, 2026 |
23CECG00936 Reyes v. Mad Duck Brewing, LLC, et al. | fresno Probate | Petition to Confirm Arbitration Award | GRANTED | May 18, 2026 | May 13, 2026 |
25CECG02575 LENDonate CA LLC v Parents and Addicts in Need | fresno Probate | By Plaintiff for Summary Judgment, or in the Alternative, Adjudication | GRANTED | May 18, 2026 | May 13, 2026 |
22CECG02656 A. M. v. Fresno Unified School District | fresno Probate | Respondent Fresno County District Attorney’s Office Motion to Quash Plaintiff’s Deposition Subpoena | GRANTED | May 18, 2026 | May 13, 2026 |
24CECG03699 Stepanian v. Garcia et al. | fresno Probate | Motion to Withdraw; Motion to Intervene | Hearing remains on calendar as to withdrawal; Motion to Intervene denied without prejudice. | May 18, 2026 | May 12, 2026 |
25CECG01959 Valdez v. Maggini & Sons Trucking LLC, et al. | fresno Probate | Motion for an Order Compelling Mental Examination | To take off calendar | May 18, 2026 | May 12, 2026 |
26CU00325 In Re: Clair Elise Villafan | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Minor’s Claim | To grant. | May 18, 2026 | May 12, 2026 |
24CECG04326 Ramirez v. California Commercial Solar, Inc. | fresno Probate | Motion to Approve PAGA Settlement | To deny without prejudice. | May 18, 2026 | May 12, 2026 |
24CECG05355 I.C. v. Uber Technologies, Inc. et al. | fresno Probate | Petition to Compromise Claim | To deny without prejudice. | May 18, 2026 | May 12, 2026 |
24CECG02055 Ortiz v. Cervantes et al. | fresno Probate | By Plaintiffs Juventino Ortiz and Mariano Carranza for an Order Deeming Admissions of Request for Admissions, Set One, and Request for Sanctions | To grant the motion seeking an order deeming the truth of matters specified in the Requests for Admission, Set One established pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 2033.280, subdivision (b) against defendant Fernando Lugo Cervantes unless responses in substantial conformity with Code of Civil Procedure section 2033.220 are served prior to the hearing. To deny the request for sanctions. | May 18, 2026 | May 5, 2026 |
24CECG03656 Corning Credit Union vs. Garcia | fresno Probate | Motion to Set Aside and Vacate Dismissal and Reinstate Case | To grant and vacate the dismissal entered on September 19, 2025. To set a Case Management Conference for Tuesday, June 9, 2026, 3:00 p.m. in Department 97E. | May 18, 2026 | May 5, 2026 |
24CECG02662 Arguello v. Moran Law Firm, LLP | fresno Probate | Plaintiff’s Motion to Compel Further Responses to Form Interrogatories, Set One, Special Interrogatories, Set One, Requests for Admissions, Set One, and Request for Sanctions; Plaintiff’s Motion to Compel Depositions and for Sanctions | To deny plaintiff’s motion to compel further responses to written discovery, as untimely filed. To deny plaintiff’s request for sanctions. To grant sanctions against plaintiff in the amount of $1,600. To deny plaintiff’s motion to compel the depositions of Victoria Short, Kevin Hines, Pedro Ramirez, and Jodi Ecols. To deny plaintiff’s request for sanctions. | May 18, 2026 | May 5, 2026 |
24CECG00675 Pimentel v. Madrigal | fresno Probate | Plaintiff’s Motion for Final Approval of Class Settlement | To grant plaintiff’s motion for final approval of the class settlement. | May 18, 2026 | May 5, 2026 |
23CECG04600 Kharoufeh v. California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation | fresno Probate | Motion for Summary Judgment | To take off calendar, as no moving papers have been filed. | May 18, 2026 | May 5, 2026 |
25CECG04836 Green v. Tuff Shed, Inc. | fresno Probate | By Defendant Tuff Shed, Inc. to Compel Arbitration, and Request for Stay | To grant Tuff Shed, Inc.’s motion to compel arbitration of all of plaintiff Cassandra Danielle Green’s individual claims, including her individual Class and Private Attorney General Act (PAGA) claims; and to stay plaintiff Cassandra Danielle Green’s non-individual (representative) class and PAGA claims pending completion of arbitration, is granted. | May 18, 2026 | Apr 30, 2026 |
Based on 103 tentative rulings indexed by DecisionDepot, Judge Kristi Culver Kapetan has a 31% grant rate (25% denial rate, 9% continued). Counties active: FRESNO.
The most common motion type in Judge Kristi Culver Kapetan's indexed rulings is Other. The full motion-type breakdown appears on this page — each motion type shows grant, denial, and continuance counts so practitioners can prepare accordingly.